Water is a vital component for the existence of all kinds of life forms on the Earth. It is now enlisted among the most exploited natural resources. Although it finds innumerable applications such as in transportation, washing, power generation, bathing, recreation yet we as human beings have deteriorated its quality as well as quantity to the extreme. Conditions have become so perilous and grave that we now have to rely on the waste water management. The availability of pure and clean form of this element now seems similar to finding an oasis in a desert. The best solutions that can be implemented at this stage is the reduction of waste water, its recycling and reuse.
Looking at such a scarcity of pure water many industries have developed innovative and advanced methods for its purification. It is an essential component for the industrial purposes also as it widely used for metal refining and as cooling agent in many chemical reactions. Therefore, industries also have a great demand for this resource and need processed form of this liquid to serve various operations. Earlier traditional methods like sedimentation, desalinization were incorporated for this purpose but now new technologies are being employed. One such process is that of reverse osmosis. It is not a filtration process. It is purification technology where the pressure of the liquid forces the solvent particles like water through the semi permeable membrane while restraining the solute particles such as salts and other organic matter to remain on the other side. It is basically a reverse of the natural osmosis process as osmosis is the process in which a liquid of low concentration moves towards the liquid of higher concentration while in reverse osmosis, the liquid of higher concentration moves towards that with lower concentration with the application of a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure. This technology is extensively used in the separation of fresh form of the natural resource from the sea or brackish water.
Many industries have installed RO plants that produce processed liquid free from undesirable contaminants with the greatest efficiency. There are many purifier manufacturing companies in India that employ this technology in their purifiers. Such a system is known as RO system and it is usually equipped with an instrumentation that displays details such as pressure, flow, quality, temperature, etc. with the correct maintenance program, design and experienced service support this system will surely provide high durability.
Another technology that is widely employed in the industrial sector for purification of water as well as for treatment of waste water management is that of ultra filtration. It is a method in which a thrust is applied which causes the solute and solvent particles to disseminate from the solution and thereby resulting in the pure solvent side free from any salts and solid particulates. The plants that operate on this principle are known as Ultra Filtration plants.
Thus, it can be concluded that management of effluents and effective recycling of these wastewater are two very significant steps to meet the growing demand of the population. These also serve to provide highly purified and clean form of water for drinking and other uses.
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Author : Amit Kumar |
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