Uzbekistan is country which is rich with golden heritage of humankind. The ancient caravan roads which passed through the territory of modern Uzbekistan resulted in unprecedented development of economy and trade in the legendary cities of Uzbekistan – Bukhara, Samarkand and Khiva from times immemorial. The fact that Uzbekistan lay on the crossroad of civilizations led to development of sciences, art, medicine, architecture and etc. Being situated between the greatest Empires of the ancient world like China, Iran, Byzantium Empire and nomads of the Great Steppe, Uzbekistan soaked in and mixed together the best achievements and technologies of all those nations and countries. It played a role of melting pot of the kind. Visiting historical monuments and museums in Uzbekistan Tours are a good opportunity for travelers from various countries to enjoy the Great Past and Golden Heritage of Uzbekistan nowadays.

The written history of Uzbekistan starts from the 6^th century BC when the territory of modern Uzbekistan was consisted of three states: Sogdiana, Baktria and Khorezm. After conquering by Kings of Akhemenid Iran, they became the 16^th satrapy of Persian Empire as it was recorded in Persian chronicles in Behistun rocks as the guides in Uzbekistan Tours always state.

In 329 BC the territory of Sogdiana and Baktria (modern Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) were invaded by Greek army of Alexander the Great. After Alexander’s death in 323 BC Sogdiana and Baktria were inherited by Seleuk, one of the close friends of Alexander. The Greeks established on the subdued territories the Greek rule, court language was Greek and cities were rebuilt by the Greek order with Gymnasiums, Agora and etc. The Hellenistic influence lasted until the 1 century BC when the nomadic tribes of Yuezhies (Gueshans) from northern Steppes overrun the Central Asia. They established new state in the south of Central Asia and later invaded northern India. They were known as Kushans and their period of rule is marked by rise of Buddhism to state religion and transition of Buddhism to Central Asia and later to China. The Kushan period brought to life a very interesting eclectic style in art which was a mixture of Greek, Indian, Iranian and Sogdian styles.

The later period is always widely described during Uzbekistan Tours. The period from the 1^st century BC to 7^th century AD was marked by the birth of the Great Silk Road and caravans travelling from Xian to Constantinople and back with silk, spices, gunpowder, cotton, technologies and ideas. The people of Sogdiana very quickly understood the advantages of their location and from farmers and craftsmen they turned into people of trade. Sogdians built their trading colonies from China to Bizantium and made the biggest profit in between. The Arab conquest of territory of modern Uzbekistan brought the new religion – Islam and gave a new name to the country – Mowarounnahr which was used until the 19^th century. Under Islam started the Renaissanse of Central Asia, as part of the Great Arab Khalifate the Central Asians had a chance the study in the best Universities of Islamic world in Bagdad, Cairo, Damask. Again the melting pot showed it magic and the cities lake Bukhara, Samarkand and Urgench developed lake never before. Architecture, sciences, arts, medicine, philosophy were on the rise. The evidence is ever present in the museums visited in Uzbekistan Tours. The Mongol conquest of 1219 brought the destruction to Mowarounnahr and threw the development for hundred years back.

At Five Stans Adventures, we recognize that highly qualified, friendly guides are your key to an enjoyable tour. More often than not, our travelers want to know about the quality of our guides beforehand but by the end of the tour, all of them are satisfied with their guides. In every city of your journey you will have a local, native guide who knows their city better than anybody and can share with you stories you can find nowhere else. Check out more on our blog page @ http://goo.gl/zwleVh

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