For hundreds of years, education in Vietnam was based on the Confucian system practiced in China. Young males studied classical Confucian texts in preparation for taking civil service examinations. People who passed the exams were entitled to positions within the bureaucracy. The French introduced Western schooling, although few students received training at night elementary level, and literacy rates were low. Major advances in education occurred as soon as the division of Vietnam in 1954. The South adopted an education system based on the United States model, which emphasizes the introduction of an individual’s skills and talents. North of manchester introduced mass education and trained people for participation in the Communist society based on the political theories of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin.
After reunification in 1975 the Communist system found in north of manchester was extended throughout the country, although technology training is currently as critical as teaching Communist ideology.
About 94 percent of the population aged 15 as well as over is literate. Education is compulsory for children ages 6 to 14. The majority of children receive primary schooling. Fewer young Vietnamese obtain a secondary education, however, partly while there is lack of adequate facilities, specially in the mountainous areas. In addition, some families simply can't afford to send their kids to school, as even public schools impose student fees to help meet operating costs.
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