Climate change and Environmental challenges in Pakistan |
Posted: December 1, 2022 |
INTRODUCTIONClimate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges facing the whole world, especially Pakistan. It refers to the change in atmospheric conditions on Earth. The changing climate is already adversely affecting Pakistan’s agriculture, water resources, health, and economy. In Pakistan, the effects of climate change are already being felt. The country has experienced an increase in floods and landslides in recent years. There has also been a decrease in crop yields and an increase in desertification. These changes are having a negative impact on the economy and on the lives of ordinary Pakistanis. Climate change has been observed in Pakistan as well, with some regions already experiencing adverse effects. Located in the region of South Asia, Pakistan is one of the most climate-vulnerable developing countries on Earth. The country is also economically weak and lacks the resilience to deal with natural disasters. CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGEThere is a lot of debate about what is causing climate change. Some scientists believe that it is due to natural causes, while others believe that human activity is the main cause. Regardless of the cause, there is no doubt that climate change is real and is happening right now. Climate is the product of weather which is always changing its pattern according to time and place. Seasonal variations resulting from natural causes occur on different time scales but they are least responsible for a significant change in the climate. After the industrial revolution, the atmospheric composition changed drastically due to the addition of the emitted Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) which have very high warming potential and a long lifetime to exist in the biosphere. Scientists say that because of the age of these gases if GHG emissions stopped now, the ongoing warming trend will continue for the next 50 years. prevailing rate. Similarly, the heat capacity of each gas is given relative to CO2. (Anderson et al., 2009). for instance, one kilogram of methane can heat the atmosphere 72 times. More than one kilogram of carbon can be (New, 1993). A general message from this information. It seems that the increasing concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere is not only creating Issues related to climate change that indicate dire consequences in the future. Climate change is one of the biggest challenges from the past few years because of the lack of paying attention seriously to it and not taking safety measures. that is why the atmospheric behavior has changed and the impact has been directly affecting the weather. a number of the main issues facing Pakistan are the depletion of forests by cutting trees, industrial pollution and the most serious threat arising from climate change in Asia is freshwater availability which is projected to decline especially in large river basins, and can adversely affect more than a billion people. The second and also the most important factor of climate change is global warming. GLOBAL WARMING EFFECTSThe phenomenon of global warming is a major cause of environmental degradation and plays a major role in changing the whole environment on the earth. global warming has been affecting the dynamics of the climate system whose five components viz-a-viz atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere are interacting with each other in a complex way due to fossil fuel combustion leading to a rise in Earth’s average temperature which is badly affected surface of the earth, air, and an ocean. Climate change refers to global warming, which leads to a decrease in temperature and an increase in precipitation. Pakistan is one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change on account of its geographical location and natural conditions. It is happening mainly the humans burn coal, oil, and natural gases. Different kinds of pollution are made by industrial waste which is why the whole weather scenario has been changed. Depleting the ozone layer among greenhouse gases, the rise of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the main cause of global warming its effects have been seen in the whole world especially in Pakistan for the past few years. The temperature partially of a country exceeded upto 120°F. These challenges threaten to fuel conflicts over climate-related resources. a serious cause of global warming is the Earth’s surface acting as a greenhouse to capture the sun’s heat which plays an important role in increasing the Earth’s temperature. Global warming has been increasing massively for the past few decades and it is only because of the G20 countries that are the major cause of global warming effects. Which has led to destruction thanks to their industrial production. There are many problems caused by heating some are:
A recent analysis conducted at GCISC shows that the average annual temperature in Pakistan has increased in the recent past, Sindh and Baluchistan have increased more. it is observed that the rise in temperature is higher than in winter when compared with summer and maximum growth is seen in summer and in December and February. The average temperature in Pakistan has increased by 0.6 degrees Celsius in the last century. Consistent with an increase in average global temperature. Rains have also increased in most parts of the country. Estimates show an average increase by the end of this century. The temperature of Pakistan will be between 3°C to 5°C which is higher than the global temperature. DISADVANTAGES OF A CHANGING CLIMATEA changing climate brings a host of potential problems and disadvantages. Here are some of the key disadvantages of a changing climate:
|
||||||||||||||||
|